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1.2 OSPF基础验证命令:
[R5]display ospf int //查看运行OSPF的接口OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 10.1.5.5 Interfaces
Area: 0.0.0.0 (MPLS TE not enabled)
IP Address Type State Cost Pri DR BDR 10.1.5.5 P2P P-2-P 0 1 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0Area: 0.0.0.56 (MPLS TE not enabled)
IP Address Type State Cost Pri DR BDR 10.1.56.5 P2P P-2-P 48 1 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 [R5]display ospf peer brief //查看基本的OSPF邻居状态OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 10.1.5.5 Peer Statistic Information
[R5]display ospf lsdb //验证基本的OSPF数据库
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 10.1.5.5 Link State Database Area: 0.0.0.0
Type LinkState ID AdvRouter Age Len Sequence Metric
Router 10.1.5.5 10.1.5.5 176 36 80000001 0 Sum-Net 10.1.56.0 10.1.5.5 176 28 80000001 48 Sum-Net 10.1.6.6 10.1.5.5 176 28 80000001 48Area: 0.0.0.56
Type LinkState ID AdvRouter Age Len Sequence Metric
Router 10.1.5.5 10.1.5.5 621 48 80000002 48 Router 10.1.6.6 10.1.6.6 622 60 80000004 0 Sum-Net 10.1.5.5 10.1.5.5 176 28 80000001 0Public routing table : OSPF
Destinations : 1 Routes : 1OSPF routing table status : <Active>
Destinations : 1 Routes : 1Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
10.1.6.6/32 OSPF 10 48 D 10.1.56.6 Serial2/0/0
1.5 OSPF手工发现邻居
FR(frame relay,帧中继)环境的物理接口,默认在OSPF中是一种NBMA(非广播多路访问)接口 容易犯的错误:1)进程或者接口没有创建、使能特定区域 2)直连通信的前提下相互手工指定邻居 单播发送Hello R4不能和R5直连通信 [R1-ospf-1]peer 10.1.1.4 [R1-ospf-1]peer 10.1.1.5 [R4-ospf-1]peer 10.1.1.1 [R5-ospf-1]peer 10.1.1.1 Dec 9 2017 15:30:12-08:00 R1 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[0]:Neighbor changes event: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=4.1.1.10, NeighborEvent=Start, NeighborPreviousState=Down, NeighborCurrentState=Attempt) 待解决:路由问题和数据通信问题 解决方案:1)控制DR(指定路由器) 2)改变OSPF的网络类型 1.6 邻居关系拍错 (TAC) dis ospf error 1) <SW3>dis ospf errorOSPF Process 1 with Router ID 10.1.15.3 OSPF error statistics
General packet errors:
0 : IP: received my own packet 7 : Bad packet 0 : Bad version 0 : Bad checksum 0 : Bad area id 0 : Drop on unnumbered interface 0 : Bad virtual link 0 : Bad authentication type 0 : Bad authentication key 0 : Packet too small 0 : Packet size > ip length 0 : Transmit error 0 : Interface down 0 : Unknown neighbor 0 : Bad net segment 0 : Extern option mismatch 0 : Router id confusionHELLO packet errors:
7 : Netmask mismatch //掩码不匹配,在多点接入(以太网、NBMA...)网络,不能建立ospf peer 2)同一链路要求运行OSPF的同一个区域 ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6 area 0.0.0.0 area 0.0.0.56 network 10.1.56.0 0.0.0.255 # # interface Serial2/0/0 link-protocol ppp ip address 10.1.56.6 255.255.255.0 ospf enable 1 area 0.0.0.6 请问s2/0/0到底在区域多少? A a6 B a0 C NONE 答案C[R6]dis ospf error
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 6.6.6.6 OSPF error statistics
General packet errors:
0 : IP: received my own packet 0 : Bad packet 0 : Bad version 0 : Bad checksum 2 : Bad area id //同一链路接口上配置了不同的区域ID第一天:过滤;坚持动手;第一遍能学到40%!
作业: 1.区域0通过手工当时成功创建邻居 2.完成区域15、35、56的邻居 hcnp@qytang.com本文转自EnderJoe 51CTO博客,原文链接:http://blog.51cto.com/enderjoe/2049018
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